Shape is separate from size
Aspect ratio compares width with height. A 4,000 × 3,000 image and a 1,200 × 900 image both have a 4:3 ratio. Their shape matches even though their available detail is different.
Enter whole-number original dimensions. Dividing both sides by their greatest common divisor gives the simplest exact ratio. Keep the same units on both sides. For dimensions containing decimals, multiply both values by the same power of ten until they are whole numbers.
Resize without stretching
To preserve a 4:3 image at a width of 1,600 pixels, calculate 1,600 × 3 ÷ 4 = 1,200 pixels high. Replacing the height with 1,000 would change the shape unless you crop or add space.
Common print sizes do not all share a ratio. A 4 × 6 print is 2:3 in portrait orientation, while an 8 × 10 print is 4:5. A proportional resize alone cannot convert one into the other without a composition decision.